Matsayin wata a yau
Koyi wane matsayi wata yake a yau. Bayani na yanzu game da motsin Wata, cikakken kalandar matakan wata da abubuwan sha'awa ga masu kallo sama.Wane matsayi wata yake yanzu
Yanzu matsayin Wata shi ne «Siffar wata mai raguwa»
Kalandar matakan Wata na wannan watan, Fabrairu 2026
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Wata yana bayyana daban-daban saboda daga ƙasa ana iya ganin kawai ɓangaren da rana ta haskaka, yayin da ɓangaren da ba a haskaka ba yana kusan ɓacewa a kan sararin dare. Wannan sakamakon motsinsa ne a kusa da ƙasa da kuma wane ɓangare na gefen da aka haskaka yake bayyana a gare mu. Kusurwar da muke kallon yankin da aka haskaka tana canzawa koyaushe, kuma saboda haka ake samun matakai daban-daban — daga siririn kwallo zuwa cikakkiyar wata.
Zanen tsarin motsin wata a kusa da ƙasa
A hagu akwai rana, kuma a dama akwai ƙasa da wata. A cikin zanen ƙasa ta juya zuwa gare mu da arewacin ƙwallon, saboda haka wata yana juyawa a kusa da ƙasa ba bisa agogo ba. A cikin zanen ana ganin yankunan da aka haskaka. A wannan matsayi abubuwan suna kasancewa a halin yanzu; matsayinsu a cikin zanen ana ƙididdige shi kuma ana nuna shi a cikin lokaci na ainihi. Ma’auni ba a kiyaye su ba, in ba haka ba duk abubuwan za a nuna su a matsayin ɗigo a kan bango baki.
Manyan matakai su ne: sabuwar wata, farkon kwata, cikakkiyar wata da ƙarshen kwata. A tsakanin su, wata tana canza hasken ta a hankali.
Sabuwar wata ita ce lokacin da wata yake tsakanin ƙasa da rana, kuma bangaren da ya haskaka yana kallon daga gare mu, saboda haka ba a iya ganinsa sosai a sama.
Kusan mako guda bayan sabuwar wata, wata yana yin wani ɓangare na zagayarsa a kusa da ƙasa, kuma rabin diskin sa yana haskakawa. A wannan lokacin, ana iya ganin wata da yamma da dare. Farkon kwata yana faruwa ne lokacin da kusurwar Rana–Ƙasa–Wata ta kai 90°.
Kusan makonni biyu bayan sabuwar wata, wata yana kan gefen da ya saba da ƙasa dangane da rana, kuma diskin sa yana haskakawa gaba ɗaya. A wannan lokacin ƙasa tana tsakanin rana da wata. A wannan lokaci, ana iya ganin wata duka dare kuma yana kai kololuwar haske.
Ƙarshen kwata wani mataki ne na wata inda diskin sa ya sake haskakawa rabin sa, amma a lokacin raguwa. Yana faruwa kusan makonni uku bayan sabuwar wata. A wannan lokacin wata yana cikin kwadrature da rana, wato kusurwar Rana–Ƙasa–Wata ta kai 90°, amma a gefen da ya saba da farkon kwata.
Lokacin fitowa da faduwar wata yana da alaƙa kai tsaye da matakanta. Kowane mataki yana daidaita da wani matsayi na wata dangane da rana, kuma wannan ne yake ƙayyade lokacin da wata zai bayyana da ɓacewa a kan sararin samaniya.
- Sabuwar wata: Wata yana kusa da rana a sararin samaniya. Yana fitowa kusan tare da rana da safe kuma yana faduwa da yamma. Saboda haka ba a ganin sa da dare.
- Kwata na farko: Wata yana a kusurwar 90° da rana. Yana fitowa kusan da tsakar rana, ana ganin sa da yamma kuma yana faduwa kusan da tsakar dare.
- Cikakkiyar wata: Wata yana a gefen da ya saba da rana dangane da ƙasa. Yana fitowa kusan lokacin faduwar rana, ana ganin sa duk dare kuma yana faduwa da asuba.
- Kwata na ƙarshe: Wata yana sake kasancewa a kusurwar 90°, amma a wani gefen daban. Yana fitowa kusan da tsakar dare, ana ganin sa da safe kuma yana faduwa kusan da tsakar rana.
Lokutan fitowar da faduwar wata a matakai daban-daban
| Matakan Wata | Matsakaicin lokacin fitowar wata | Kololuwa (mafi tsayi a sama) | Matsakaicin lokacin faduwar wata |
|---|---|---|---|
Sabon wata  |
~6:00 | ~12:00 | ~18:00 |
Kwata na farko  |
~12:00 | ~18:00 | ~0:00 |
Cikakken wata  |
~18:00 | ~0:00 | ~6:00 |
Kwata na ƙarshe  |
~0:00 | ~6:00 | ~12:00 |
Zagayen wata shi ne lokacin sauyin matakan wata. Yana farawa da sabuwar wata, yana wucewa ta farkon kwata, cikakkiyar wata, ƙarshen kwata kuma yana ƙarewa da sabuwar wata.
Cikakken zagayen matakan wata — daga sabuwar wata zuwa sabuwar wata ta gaba — yana ɗaukar kusan kwanaki 29.5.
Shi ne lokacin da wata yake yin cikakken zagaye a kusa da ƙasa dangane da taurari.
Tsawonsa kusan kwanaki 27, awanni 7 da mintuna 43.
Shi ne lokacin tsakanin matakai biyu iri ɗaya na wata, misali daga sabuwar wata zuwa sabuwar wata ta gaba. Tsawonsa daidai yake da zagayen wata.
A lokacin motsin wata, ƙasa ma tana motsawa a kan zagayenta a kusa da rana. Don wata ya sake kasancewa a matsayi ɗaya dangane da rana kuma matakan su maimaita, dole ne ya yi tafiya fiye da cikakken zagaye a kusa da ƙasa. Saboda haka watan synodic ya fi watan taurari tsawon kusan kwanaki 2.
Watan sideral na wata
Watan synodic na wata
Karkatar wata siririya tana bambanta a wurare daban-daban na latitid saboda kusurwar tsakanin fagen ecliptic da dangi tana canzawa bisa ga matsayi na mai kallo a ƙasa. A kan layin kwat da na kwana, ecliptic yana ketare dangi kusan tsaye, kuma siririn wata yana kama da kwance, kamar ƙaramin jirgi. A matsakaicin latitid, ecliptic yana karkata, don haka siririn wata yana kama da a karkace. A manyan latitid, karkatar tana ƙaruwa saboda rana da wata suna wucewa ƙasa da dangi. Saboda haka bambanci a karkatar siririn wata yana da alaƙa da ilimin kallo da matsayi na mai kallo a saman ƙasa. Wato, karkatar siririn wata tana canzawa a wurare daban-daban na latitid saboda muna kallonsa daga kusurwoyi daban-daban.
Karkatar siririn wata bisa ga latitid na mai kallo (a lokacin fitowa)
| Matakan Wata | Ƙarƙashin Duniya ta Arewa | LayIn Kwata | Ƙarƙashin Duniya ta Kudu |
|---|---|---|---|
| Siffar wata mai ƙaruwa |  |
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| Kwata na farko | |
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| Kwata na ƙarshe | |
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| Siffar wata mai raguwa |  |
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Wata koyaushe yana nuna gefe ɗaya ga ƙasa saboda al’amari na juyawa daidai, wanda aka haifar da kullewar igiyar ruwa. Wata yana juyawa a kusa da aksinsa a cikin lokaci ɗaya da yake yin cikakkiyar zagaye a kusa da ƙasa. Wannan yana nufin cewa a cikin zagaye ɗaya a kusa da ƙasa, wata yana juyawa sau ɗaya a kusa da aksinsa. Sakamakon haka koyaushe yana nuna gefe ɗaya ga ƙasa.